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This study explores how both multilateral and bilateral development agencies have acknowledged and tried to overcome the difficulties they face in service provision in the water and sanitation sector.

TitleTowards more appropriate technologies? : experiences from the water and sanitation sector
Publication TypeBook
Year of Publication1993
AuthorsVaa, M
Secondary TitleReport / Institute for Social Research
Volumeno. 93:16
Pagination91 p.: 1 fig.
Date Published1993-01-01
PublisherScandinavian Institute of African Studies
Place PublishedUppsala, Sweden
ISBN Number9171063439
Keywordsappropriate technology, cab95/34, case studies, community participation, development aid, ethiopia, external support agencies, funding agencies, institutional framework, kenya, mali, niger, policies, sanitation, sustainable development, tanzania, water supply, zimbabwe
Abstract

This study explores how both multilateral and bilateral development agencies have acknowledged and tried to overcome the difficulties they face in service provision in the water and sanitation sector. The role of multilateral agencies in developing and demonstrating alternative technologies is one perspective, and the other is how these experiences have been perceived and put into practice by the Nordic bilateral donor agencies (DANIDA, NORAD, and FINNIDA) in concrete programmes and projects in Niger, Mali, Tanzania, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Ethiopia. There are eight case studies presented, some which were initiated in the 1970s, others which started in the 1980s. This document describes how some important changes have taken place, both at a policy level and in project design and implementation. One of the conclusions is that established aid practices may be incompatible with new guidelines for water and sanitation interventions which agencies have developed. If services are to be technically and economically sustainable and based on effective demand, service levels and delivery will have to be defined and developed in cooperation with users rather than from centrally formulated standards. It is suggested that this will require major reorientations both in donor agencies and recipient country institutions.

NotesBibliography: p. 86-91
Custom 1202.3, 824

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