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TitleA meta-evaluation of projects and programmes on community-managed rural water supply and sanitation services in Ethiopia. Research report 1. Action research on community-managed water supply, sanitation and hygiene services in Shebedino Wereda, Sidama Zon
Publication TypeMiscellaneous
Year of Publication2006
AuthorsAbaba, ETPlan Ethio
Secondary TitleResearch report / Plan Ethiopia
Volumeno. 3
Paginationvii, 32 p. : 1 box, 10 pict., 1 tab.
Date Published2006-01-01
PublisherPlan Ethiopia
Place PublishedAddis Ababa, Ethiopia
Keywordscommunity participation, ethiopia, evaluation, projects, rural areas, sanitation, sdiafr, sdiman, water supply, women
Abstract

This meta-evaluation is based on documents relating to rural water supply, sanitation projects and programmes covering almost every region of Ethiopia. Most of these projects, implemented and financed by various organisations, have been evaluated by external evaluators and assessed internally by a group of experts. They include schemes on hand-dug wells with hand pumps, springs with hand pumps or motorised pumps, springs with gravity flow, drilled wells with motorised pumps, traditional pit latrines and pit latrines with SanPlats. Most of the documents are evaluation reports; some are completion or terminal reports.
They have been analysed against eight headings: universal coverage and sustainability, enabling environment, institutional aspects, financial considerations, social equity, the environment, monitoring and learning, and technological principles. Active community participation has been observed in some schemes, but in most projects, involvement of communities is minimal. In a large number of community WASH projects the involvement of women is very low. The sustainability of most schemes is rather weak, due to lack of strong community-based management. Consequently, a considerable number of schemes are non-functional. Projects in which water committees have more women than men show greater efficiency and sustainability than those with more men than women. This has become a good indicator of success and demonstrates that women take the main responsibility for household water. One community-managed project (Dalocha) had only women as members of the Water Board and water committees and as water sellers at water points. This project has shown striking success with good coverage and better sustainability.

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