| Abstract |
Characteristics of Successful Water Supply/Wastewater Treatment Projects
1. Rapid urbanization created a strong demand for the output of water supply/wastewater treatment projects.
2. There were positive impacts on intended beneficiaries, particularly women.
3. There was an ability to learn from past lessons and incorporate the lessons in project design.
4. Technical innovation and a positive impact on the environment occurred.
5. Proper O&M helped ensure long-run sustainability.
6. The projects typically (i) were run by financially self-sustaining water supply institutions, (ii) put in place WUCs, and (iii) adopted the “user pays” principle.
7. A participatory approach contributed to success. Successful projects were typically formulated through extensive consultations with local government staff and the local community, including NGOs. Beneficiary participation resulted in a stronger sense of ownership and willingness to accept some O&M responsibility and to pay higher tariffs.
8. EAs were committed, highly involved in project implementation, supported by institutional strengthening and training activities, and provided with counterpart funds in a timely manner.
9. Consultants and contractors performed well.
10. Regular ADB review missions proactively helped to solve problems.
[authors abstract, being box 2 in the document]
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